Traps.jpg: Detailed view on Aldrovanda (E. Poland) shoots with opened traps. The plants are in outdoor collection. The white bar indicates 5 cm, June 1993; LA.

Wroclaw3.jpg: Aldrovanda (E Poland) with aborted capsules cultivated outdoors at the Botanical Garden of the Wroclaw University in Poland, August 1998; RK.

Culture4.jpg: Outdoor cultivation of Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in a plastic container in the Institute of Botany at Třeboň, Czech Republic. Detail of the plants, 24 July 1994; LA.

Romanian.jpg: Aldrovanda from the Danube river delta, Romania, grown in aquarium in outdoor collection, July 2000; LA.

Japanese.jpg: Japanese Aldrovanda (Tokyo) having been grown in vitro under aseptic conditions, Sep 1998; LA.

SE_aupol.jpg: Comparison of  Aldrovanda plants from E. Poland (top) and SE Australia (bottom), which grew together in an outdoor culture, 3^rd Sep 1999; LA.

Leach_L1.jpg: Red Australian Aldrovanda from Leach Lagoon near Katherine, N. Territory; SJ.

N_cultiv.jpg: Scanned Aldrovanda plants from N Australia grown in an outdoor aquarium, 18 Oct 1998; LA.

N_tur.jpg: Scanned Aldrovanda plants from N Australia with small turions grown in an outdoor aquarium, 1^st Nov 1998; LA.

N_aus_aq.jpg: Scanned Aldrovanda plants from N Australia grown in an indoor aquarium, 20 Oct 1998. The bar represents 2 cm; LA.

NW_austr.jpg: Aldrovanda from Kimberley, NW Australia, grown in an indoor aquarium, 26 May 1999; LA.

Esperanc.jpg: Aldrovanda from Esperance in SW Australia photographed after a longer transport in darkness, Nov 2000; RG.

SW_austr.jpg: Herbarium from newly-found Aldrovanda plants from SW Australia, Nov 2000; RG.

SEmosaic.jpg: Aldrovanda plants from SE Australia with sterile capsules grown in an indoor aquarium, 16 Aug 1998; LA.

Culture6.jpg: Start of flowering in outdoor culture,  24 July 1994; LA.

Fl_buds.jpg: Flower stalks of Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in outdoor culture, July 1994; LA.

Flower.jpg: Detail of flowering Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in outdoor culture, 26 July 1994; LA.

Flower2.jpg: Flowering in outdoor culture, 27 July 1994; LA.

Capsules.jpg: Sterile (abortive; right) capsules and ripening fertile ones (left) of Aldrovanda (E. Poland) from outdoor culture, Aug 1994; LA.

Aus_caps.jpg: Comparison of ripe capsules and seeds of Aldrovanda of three Australian strains. The plants were taken from the collection of Prof. K. Kondo at Hiroshima University in Japan, Sep 2000; LA.

Ald_tur.jpg: Formation of ripening Aldrovanda turions (E. Poland) in an outdoor culture on 1^st Oct 1995. The turions are easily separated from the shoots; LA.

Buds.jpg: Turions of Aldrovanda (E. Poland) from outdoor culture after overwintering in a refrigerator, 29 Apr 1997; LA.

Ald_germ.jpg: Germination of Aldrovanda turions (E. Poland) overwintered in a refrigerator, 29 Apr 1997; LA.

Turions.jpg: Comparison of Aldrovanda turions from E. Poland and N. Australia after their overwintering in a refrigerator for 4 months, 25 Mar 1999; LA.

3_aus_tur.jpg: Comparison of turions of Aldrovanda from N., SE, and NW Australia after their overwintering in a refrigerator for 4 months, 26 Mar 2000; LA.

SE_outdo.jpg: Turions of Aldrovanda from SE Australia after their overwintering outdoors in wet sedge litter, 26 Mar 2000; LA.

SE_turio.jpg: Aldrovanda plants from SE Australia with formed turions grown in an aquarium outdoors, 1^st Nov 1998; LA.

SEturion.jpg: Shoot apices of Aldrovanda plants from SE Australia with formed non-dormant turions, grown in an outdoor aquarium, 17 Oct 1998; LA.

Tur_leaf.jpg: Microscopic view on an external leaf of an Aldrovanda (E. Poland) turion. The leaf width is ca. 1 mm. Unicellular septae surround water- or air-filled lacunae. The turion was stored in a refrigerator for two months, 5 Jan 1999; LA.

Turion15.jpg: Detailed cross-section through internal turion leaves of Aldrovanda. Acid slime inside the lacunae is stained by Alcian blue, Nov 1995; LA.

Turion12.jpg: Cross-section through Aldrovanda (E. Poland) turion with visible leaf lacunae. The turion width is ca. 4 mm. Stained by Alcian blue (0.1 %), Nov 1995; LA.

Culture1.jpg: Outdoor cultivation of Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in a plastic container in the Institute of Botany at Třeboň, Czech Republic, July 1994; LA.

Culture2.jpg: Outdoor cultivation of Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in a plastic container in the Institute of Botany at Třeboň, Czech Republic. Simple shading is used, July 1994; LA.

Culture3.jpg: Outdoor cultivation of Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in a plastic container in the Institute of Botany at Třeboň, Czech Republic. First plants start flowering, 24 July 1994; LA.

Collect.jpg: Outdoor collection of world strains of Aldrovanda in small aquaria cooled in a big plastic container in the Institute of Botany at Třeboň, Czech Republic. The aquaria are simply shaded during hot summer days. The water in the container is stirred by air bubbling to prevent from the overheating of the upper layers, SEP 2003; PV.

SE_aquar.jpg:  Aldrovanda plants from SE Australia grown in a 3-litre glass indoors, 20 Oct 1998; LA.

Cage.jpg: Set-up of cultivation cages in outdoor culture, June 1997; LA.

Wroclaw1.jpg: Culture of Polish Aldrovanda grown outdoors in a plastic container together with wetland plants at the Botanical Garden of the Wroclaw University in Poland, August 1998; RK.

Wroclaw2.jpg: Close-up of culture of Polish Aldrovanda grown outdoors in a plastic container together with wetland plants (water lily, Carex sp., Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Stratiotes aloides,etc.) at the Botanical Garden of the Wroclaw University in Poland, August 1998; RK.

Japan01.jpg: Conservation-based culture of Japanese Aldrovanda (from Tokyo) near Tokyo, Japan. Photo by Y. Koshikawa.

Japan02.jpg: Detail of conservation-based culture of Japanese Aldrovanda near Tokyo, Japan. Photo by Y. Koshikawa.

Kruglak1.jpg: Habitat of Aldrovanda along a peaty shore of Lake Kruglak in NE Poland, June 1993; CB.

Kruglak2.jpg: Habitat of Aldrovanda dominated by Phragmites australis and Carex rostrata in Lake Kruglak, NE Poland, June 1993; CB.

Kruglak3.jpg: Dense stand of Aldrovanda dominated by Phragmites australis and Hydrocharis morsus-ranae in Lake Kruglak, NE Poland, June 1993; CB.

Kruglak4.jpg: Habitat of Aldrovanda dominated by Stratiotes aloides, Thelypteris palustris, and Typha latifolia in Lake Kruglak, NE Poland, June 1993; CB.

Kruglak5.jpg: Microhabitat of Aldrovanda dominated by Thelypteris palustris and Hydrocharis morsus-ranae along a peaty shore in Lake Kruglak, NE Poland, June 1993; CB.

Kruglak6.jpg: Microhabitat of Aldrovanda in a miniature peaty pool dominated by Sphagnum sp., Thelypteris palustris, Menyanthes trifoliata, and Comarum palustre along a peaty shore of Lake Kruglak, NE Poland, June 1993; CB.

N_Kuznia.jpg: The last historical site of Aldrovanda in Silesia in Poland. Aldrovanda occurred in a dystrophic fishpond in the village Nowa Kużnia SW. from Opole town  last time in 1983. The former microsite of Aldrovanda has been overgrown by dense stands of yellow water lily and reeds, 26 June 1994; LA.

Ostrowo1.jpg: Aldrovanda habitat in Lake Ostrowo in W. Poland, in a pool overgrown by cattail Typha angustifolia. R. Kamiński is on the boat, 12 July 1994; LA.

Ostrowo2.jpg: Aldrovanda habitat in Lake Ostrowo in Poland, in a pool overgrowing by cattail Typha angustifolia. See Ostrowo1.jpg for comparing the overgrowing rate,  8 June 2000; LA.

Romania.jpg: Habitat of Aldrovanda on the Obretim island in the Danube delta, Romania, 2^nd Sep 1998; SH.

Magestl1.jpg: Swiss site of introduced Aldrovanda in a dystrophic pool, 22 July 1995; CB.

Magestl2.jpg: Aldrovanda introduced to a Swiss site in a dystrophic pool, 22 July 1995; CB.

Magestl3.jpg: Swiss site of introduced Aldrovanda in a dystrophic pool, 22 July 1995; CB.

 Balata1994.jpg: The last natural site of Aldrovanda in Hungary in Baláta-tó (lake), 1994; MT.

Balata1999.jpg: The last natural site of Aldrovanda in Hungary in Baláta-tó (lake), 1999; MT.

Balata1.jpg: Dense stand of Aldrovanda in Lake Baláta in S Hungary. Of interest is the fact that the plants may be red under certain conditions, 24 July 2000; FK.

Balata2.jpg: Detail of red Aldrovanda plants flowering in Lake Baláta in S Hungary, 27 July 2001; FK.

Balata3.jpg: Red Aldrovanda plants germinating from turions in Lake Baláta in S Hungary, 1 May 2001; FK.

Balata4.jpg: Habitat of Aldrovanda in an alder carr in Lake Baláta in S Hungary, September 1999; FK.

Balata5.jpg: Dense stand of Aldrovanda with the aquatic fern Salvinia natans in Lake Baláta in S Hungary, 24 July 2000; FK.

Balata6.jpg: Polygonum amphibium-dominated stand of Aldrovanda in Lake Baláta in S Hungary, 24 July 2000; FK.

Sibolla.jpg: General aerial view on Lake Sibolla near Lucca in C. Italy, probably the last former Aldrovanda site in Italy. Here, the last plants were found in 1997.

Sibolla2.gif: Lake Sibolla near Lucca in C. Italy, probably the last former  Aldrovanda site in Italy. Here, the last plants were found in 1997. In 2000, the plants were not found due to eutrophication and low water level, 7 May 2000; FT.

Sibolla3.jpg: Detail of Lake Sibolla near Lucca in C. Italy, probably the last former site of Aldrovanda in Italy. The last plants were found in this part of the lake in 1997, 7 May 2000; FT.

Ukraine1.jpg: Habitat of Aldrovanda on the right shore of the Kiev reservoir near the Stracholes’e village, Ukraine. Here, Aldrovanda grows prolificaly in pools dominated by cattail Typha angustifolia and floating water soldier Stratiotes aloides, summer 1997; VR.

Ukraine2.jpg: Habitat of Aldrovanda on the right shore of the Kiev reservoir near the Tolokunj village, Ukraine. Here, Aldrovanda grows prolificaly in a shallow lake dominated by sedges and floating water fern Salvinia natans, summer 1999; VR.

Hozoji_P.jpg: The last semi-natural Japanese Aldrovanda site in Hozoji Pond near Hanyu City N. of Tokyo in 1980. Photographed from a Japanese publication.

Cape_le1.jpg: Aldrovanda habitat in a shallow lake near the coast at Cape le Grand near Esperance in SW Australia, Nov 2000; RG.

Leach_L2.jpg: Dense stand of Red Australian Aldrovanda from Leach Lagoon near Katherine, N. Territory; SJ.

PB1_94.jpg: Overall view on the fen pool No. 1 with dominant littoral sedge and reed stands in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. Aldrovanda was introduced to this pool in June 1995, 22 June 1994; LA.

PB1C_95.jpg: Detail of the fen pool No. 1 with dominant sedge Carex rostrata stand in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. Aldrovanda was introduced to this pool in June 1995 (see Adamec and Lev 1999), 13 July 1995; LA.

PB1T_95.jpg: Detail of the fen pool No. 1 with dominant cattail Typha angustifolia stand in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. Aldrovanda was introduced to this pool in June 1995 (see Adamec and Lev 1999), 12 June 1995; LA.

PBC8-96a.jpg: Very dense Aldrovanda stand (E. Poland), in a Carex rostrata dominated stand, at the place of its introduction in a fen pool near Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 11 Aug 1996; LA.

PBC8-96b.jpg: The detail of a very dense Aldrovanda stand (E. Poland), in a Carex rostrata dominated stand, at the place of its introduction in a fen pool near Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 11 Aug 1996; LA.

PBC8-96c.jpg: The detail of a dense Aldrovanda stand (E. Poland), in a Carex rostrata dominated stand, at the place of its introduction in a fen pool near Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 11 Aug 1996; LA.

PB1C6_97.jpg: Tall-sedge dominated habitat of introduced Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in a fen pool near Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 21 June 1997; LA.

PB1_8_97.jpg: Fen pool No. 1 with the place of Aldrovanda introduction in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. Due to eutrophication, great development of filamentous algae and bladderwort Utricularia australis occurred, 23 Aug 1997; LA.

PB1C5_98.jpg: Detail of the fen pool No. 1 with dominant spring mat of filamentous algae in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. Aldrovanda was introduced to this pool in June 1995 (see Adamec and Lev 1999), 10 May 1998; LA.

PB1C8-98.jpg:  Aldrovanda stand (E. Poland) at the place of its introduction in a fen pool near Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 16 Aug 1998. The habitat is rather eutrophicated. LA.

PB1-8-98.jpg: Dense stand of introduced Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in a fen pool near Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 16 Aug 1998. Some plants are flowering; LA.

PB1C8_99.jpg: Detail of the fen pool No. 1 with dominant pondweed Potamogeton natans stand in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. The majority of introduced Aldrovanda plants occurred at another part of the pool. The fine black sediment indicates ongoing habitat eutrophication, 22 Aug 1999; LA.

PB1C7_00.jpg: Detail of the fen pool No. 1 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. The majority of introduced Aldrovanda plants occurred at another part of the pool. The colour of water indicates ongoing habitat eutrophication, 21 July 2000; LA.

PB1_00.jpg: The main stand of introduced Aldrovanda in a dominant cattail Typha angustifolia stand  in the fen pool No. 1 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. Due to eutrophication, the plants are covered by filamentous algae, 21 July 2000; LA.

PB1C_01.jpg: Detail of the fen pool No. 1 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. The majority of introduced Aldrovanda plants occurred in another part of the pool. The colour of water indicates ongoing habitat eutrophication, 18 Aug 2001; LA.

PB1_8_01.jpg: General view on the fen pool No. 1 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, showing a rapid invasion of a common reed (Phragmites australis), 18 Aug 2001; LA.

 PB1_01a.jpg: The main stand of introduced Aldrovanda in a cattail (Typha angustifolia) dominated stand in the fen pool No. 1 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 18 Aug 2001; LA.

PB1_01b.jpg: Detail of the main stand of introduced Aldrovanda in a cattail (Typha angustifolia) dominated stand in the fen pool No. 1 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 18 Aug 2001; LA.

PB2_98.jpg: Very dense stand of introduced Aldrovanda in the fen pool No. 2 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic (see Adamec and Lev 1999). Some plants start flowering, 16 Aug 1998; LA.

PB2_8_01.jpg: Strongly eutrophied habitat of introduced Aldrovanda in the fen pool No. 2 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. A Dense bloom of the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa spread over the pool and the formerly abundant Aldrovanda population was nearly decimated, 18 Aug 2001; LA.

PB9_97.jpg: Detail of introduced Aldrovanda stand in dominant sedge and reed stand in the fen pool No. 9 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic (see Adamec and Lev 1999). Some plants start flowering, 23 Aug 1997; LA.

Branna1.jpg: Dystrophic pool in an old sand-pit near Branná in the Třeboň region to which Aldrovanda was introduced in 2000, Aug 2000; LA.

Branna2.jpg: Detail of the introduced stand of Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in dominant Eleocharis palustris stand in a dystrophic pool near Branná in the Třeboň region, Aug 2000; LA.

Karstej1.jpg: Habitat of introduced Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in an extracted fen Karštejn in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, in shallow pools with dominant sedge Carex rostrata and reed Phragmites australis stands, 14 May 2000; LA.  

Karstej2.jpg: Microhabitat of introduced Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in an extracted fen Karštejn in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, in shallow pools with dominant sedge Carex rostrata, 22 Aug 1999; LA. 

Karstej3.jpg: Prolific flowering of introduced Aldrovanda in an extracted fen Karštejn in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic. Out of ca. 100,000 shoot apices occurring there, about 5,000-8,000 plants flowered. Only a few plants produced fertile capsules, 18 Aug 2001; LA.

Karstej4.jpg: Detail of flowering of introduced Aldrovanda in an extracted fen Karštejn in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 18 Aug 2001; LA.

Karstej5.jpg: Very shallow microhabitat of introduced Aldrovanda, dominated by sedge (Carex rostrata) and cotton grass (Eriophorum vaginatum), in an extracted fen Karštejn in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 6 July 2001; LA.

Karstej6.jpg: Microhabitat of introduced Aldrovanda, dominated by sedge (Carex rostrata) and rush (Eleocharis palustris), in an extracted fen Karštejn in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 6 July 2001; LA.

Karstej7.jpg: Very dense microhabitat of introduced Aldrovanda, dominated by sedge (Carex rostrata), in an extracted fen Karštejn in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic, 6 July 2001; LA.

Brehyne.jpg: Reed-stand dominated habitat of introduced Aldrovanda in Břehyňský fishpond in the Doksy region, N. Bohemia, Czech Republic. Presumably, Aldrovanda plants were transferred to the site by water birds from a nearby artificial site established in 1994, 31 July 2001; LA.

Domanin1.jpg: Experimental nylon enclosure No. 1 for the investigation of seasonal growth and overwintering of Aldrovanda in a loose common reed (Phragmites australis) stand in Domanínský fishpond near Třeboň, Czech Republic (see Adamec 1999), 21 June 1994; LA.

P_blato2.jpg: Experimental nylon enclosure No. 1 in a sedge Carex rostrata stand for the investigation of seasonal growth and overwintering of Aldrovanda (E. Poland) in a fen pool  No. 2 in Ptačí blato fishpond in the Třeboň region, Czech Republic (see Adamec and Lev 1999), 13 July 1995; LA. 

Gr_exper.jpg: Growth experiment (with presence or absence of prey) in floating enclosure, June 1997; LA.

Experim.jpg: View on a growth experiment with Aldrovanda: the comparison of growth of control plants with catch of prey and those without prey which grew on a fine floating net (see Adamec 2000), June 1997; LA.

Ill_apic.jpg: One healthy apex (left) and 3 ill Aldrovanda apices (E. Poland) at an initial stage of the disease in outdoor cultivation, 26 June 1995. The ill apices are small, yellowish, and with short bristles; LA.

Disease.jpg: Typical symptoms of „Aldrovanda disease“ in Australian plants from outdoor cultivation in aquaria (4 plants from the top) and in Japanese plants (2 plants from the bottom). The reasons for this disease are still unclear but probably it is boron deficiency, Aug 2000; LA.